GraphsRaw Data

 Data Collection and The Survey

My sampling technique was a combination of two simple random samples. For the first simple random sample, I obtained a list of all staff members at NOHS, assigned them each a number, put the data into Minitab, and had Minitab randomly select 50. Of the 50 surveys that I sent out, I only got back 22 surveys, seven of which were unusable and considered non-response bias. For the other part of my sample, I gave surveys out to all the kids that were in two of my classes, for a total of 50, of which I got 27 back. Six were considered no-response bias. The non-response bias surveys were one that were missing answers necessary to analyze the data, though I did not use all the questions on the survey. Some of my non-response bias results were due to the fact that they were blue collar workers. I eliminated job title as a question because out of all the survey I got back, only eight were blue collar. This is not nearly enough data to perform an analysis.

The following survey is for my AP Statistics project. Your name will not be used in any connection with your answers. All responses will be anonyms. Please answer honestly.

Please circle the number corresponding to your position on the political spectrum

1 = Extremely Liberal (i.e. tends to support more gun control, abortion rights, more government control)

10 = Extremely Conservative (i.e. tends to support less gun control, less government control, pro-life)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1. Do you think that the U.S should pursue peaceful negotiations with Iran and Korea? yes no

2. Do you think that undocumented workers should be deported? yes no

Circle your age category

21-30 31-43 44-65 greater than 65

Circle your highest level of education (circle only one please)

High school Bachelor’s Degree Masters/Graduate Degree Professional/Doctorate Degree

Technical Licensure or Associate’s Degree

What is your job title? _______________________________________________

Chi-Square Test of Association between Political Affiliation and Age

Ho: There is no association between a political affiliation and the age category into which they fall. 

Ha: There is not an association between political affiliation and the age category into which they fall. 

α = .05

Assumptions: The observed counts were obtained from two independent samples.  For now, we will assume that all expected cell counts are greater than five.

Eq1401.jpg (4619 bytes)

Tabulated statistics: Scale, Age group 

Rows: Scale   Columns: Age group
           1       2       3     All
1          2       4       4      10
       1.389   4.722   3.889  10.000
2          1       5       6      12
       1.667   5.667   4.667  12.000
3          2       8       4      14
       1.944   6.611   5.444  14.000
All        5      17      14      36
       5.000  17.000  14.000  36.000
Cell Contents:      Count
                    Expected count
Pearson Chi-Square = 1.785, DF = 4, P-Value = 0.775
Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square = 1.796, DF = 4, P-Value = 0.773

* NOTE * 6 cells with expected counts less than 5

From the obtained Minitab output, the Chi-Square value is 1.785, and the p-value is .775.  However, because not all of the expected cell counts are greater than 5, there is not a valid conclusion. 


Chi-Square Test of association between Age and Question One

Question One: Do you believe that the United Stated should pursue peaceful negotiations with Iran and Korea?                          

Ho: There is not not an association between age and question one.

Ha: There is an association between age and question one.

α= .05

Assumptions: The observed counts were obtained from two independent random samples.  For now, we will assume that all expected counts are greater than five. 

Eq1401.jpg (4619 bytes)

Tabulated statistics: Age group, Question1 

Rows: Age group   Columns: Question1
           n       y     All
1          0       5       5
       1.250   3.750   5.000
2          5      12      17
       4.250  12.750  17.000
3          4      10      14
       3.500  10.500  14.000
All        9      27      36
       9.000  27.000  36.000
Cell Contents:      Count
                    Expected count
Pearson Chi-Square = 1.938, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.379
Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square = 3.139, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.208
* NOTE * 4 cells with expected counts less than 5

From the obtained Minitab output, chi-square value is 1.938, and the p-value is .379.  However, because not all of the expected cell counts are greater than five, there is not a valid conclusion. 


Chi-Square Test of Association between Age and Question Two

Question Two: Do you believe that undocumented workers should be deported?      

Ho: There is not an association between age and question two.

Ha: There is an association between age and question two.

α = .05

Assumptions: The expected cell counts were obtained form two independent, random samples.   For now, we will assume that all expected cell counts are greater than five. 

       

Tabulated statistics: Age group, Question2 
Rows: Age group   Columns: Question2
           n       y     All
1          0       5       5
       1.250   3.750   5.000
2          3      14      17
       4.250  12.750  17.000
3          6       8      14
       3.500  10.500  14.000
All        9      27      36
       9.000  27.000  36.000
Cell Contents:      Count
                    Expected count
Pearson Chi-Square = 4.538, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.103
Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square = 5.523, DF = 2, P-Value = 0.063
* NOTE * 4 cells with expected counts less than 5

For the obtained Minitab output, the chi-square value is 4.583 and the p-value is .103.  However, since not all expected counts are greater than five, there is not a valid conclusion.