Evolution of Technology in Schools

Despite many students, parents, and teachers vie for an increase in technology integration inside the classroom, it is quite remarkable how far technology in schools has come.

The Horn-Book

c. 1650

A wooden slate with letters or a Bible verse written on it, the horn-book was a popular teaching item for colonial schools across the globe

The Ferule

c. 1850-1870

The ferule was the first pointer to every be used in schools, allowing teachers to fixate student attention to a specific part of their writing. The ferule was also utilized as a disciplining tool for students who stepped out of line.

The Chalkboard

1890

Although it is hard to believe today in the 21st cneutry that the chalkboard was once a technological advancement, late-19th century students and teachers benefitted greatly from the chalkboards wide surface area, allowing teachers to write down a large amount of notes at one time for the students to take in.

 

 

Extrapolation

Our study cannot be extrapolated to high schools situated in suburban areas becuase only tewnty-seven teachers responded to the study, invalidating any conclusions about the relation of teacher perception to student perception. The population of our study is North Olmsted High School. Our sample size consisted only of the student body and teaching staff of one high school. However, even if the Central Limit Theorem held ture for our sutyd, we still could not extrapolate it to all schools in the entire state or country because of the possibility of varying responses when taking into account different age groups and demographics. Our study is not an effective representation of the suburban high schools in the state of Ohio. For it to be extrapolated to all schools of every level in the state, or even the country, the sample size would have to be widened.

Weaknesses

There was quite a bit of response bias with our survey because a number of the survery-takers circled two or more levels of direspectfulness. Unfortunately, we can not affirmatively make any judgements on elementary schools or colleges. In elementary schools, a possibility of sampling bias arises with the fact that many younger students may not possess a cell phone or other electronic device, so their answers would most likely be skewed with this particularity. Younger students are also heavily under the influence of their parents, so if they are brought up to use honourifics to pay respect to their teachers, they'd most likely find afirst anme basis very disrespectful. Most colleges heavily suggest to their students to bring laptops into class  to take notes quicker, so the responses for technology use during instruction time would most likely come up with a majority finding no disrespectfulness in it. Also, college professors would most likely demand more respect from their students, so the teachers would most likely view honouriffics as a necessity, while the students would see this precedent and be skewed towards higher valus of disrespectfulness. Also, different values and ethics found in rural and urban areas may be a counfounding variable. Most, if not all, extraneous factors were blocked out by our surveying design. Teachers and students were stratified apart from each other, and our surveying technique included a fair representation from both genders, so neither factor could illegitimize our study. 
image1

Suggestions

Since our conclusion is invalid because of the small sample size, to legitimize our study for the population of high schools in Ohio we could send out surveys to teachers at different schools. If the sample size was widened to include numerous suburban high schools, the test results would be a more accurate representation of the population. For this study to be an accurate representation of all age groups of students and teachers throughout the entire state, or even country, then the sample size should be widened to include elementary schools, high schools, and colleges in urban, rural, and suburban areas.The survey schould include schools of every level, from every demography of the entire state or country, to bear a verifiable conclusion. This would be the most effective way to ensure the study's relevance as a statewide or national representation of the true mean of perceived disrespectfulness in regards to referring to teachers by their first names and technology use during instruction time of students and teachers.